Scientists develop new toothpaste from seaweed extract

Scientists at Newcastle University are developing a new toothpaste that contains an enzyme derived from bacteria found on the surface of seaweed, which could help protect against tooth decay.

The Newcastle University School of Dental Sciences scientist Nicholas Jakubovics said plaque on teeth comprises bacteria which join together to colonise an area in a bid to stave off any potential competitors.

" Traditional toothpastes work by scrubbing off the plaque containing the bacteria, but that’s not always effective, which is why people who religiously clean their teeth can still develop cavities," said Jakubovics.

The research team has revealed that the enzyme was discovered in Bacillus licheniformis, which is capable of breaking down the external DNA that holds oral bacteria together in a slimy, protective layer or biofilm.

When bacterial cells die, the DNA within them leaks out and makes a biofilm that sticks to the teeth.

According to the scientists, when worked in a test tube it has indicated that the enzyme can rupture the plaque or layer of bacteria.

The scientists said the enzyme could be effective in areas where toothpastes cannot reach, leading to reduction of erosion of tooth enamel and helping to prevent the need for fillings.

The scientist claim the new discovery could have important implications, as NHS in 2009 reported that more than three in ten adults with at least one natural tooth had decay.